Suara.com -?Mantan Direktur Publikasi dan Pendidikan Publik YLBHI Agustinus Edy Kristianto mendesak pemerintah melakukan audit terhadap penyelenggaraan tes Covid-19 di Indonesia.
Agus menyebut Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK), Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK), Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU), untuk segera bergerak memeriksa sejumlah bisnis tes Covid-19.
TRIBUNNEWS.COM – Tenaga kesehatan (nakes) berperan penting sebagai garda depan penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Di tengah peperangan melawan Covid-19, banyak dari mereka yang juga ikut terpapar Covid-19, menderita gejala berat, bahkan gugur.
TRIBUNNEWS.COM, JAKARTA?-?Lapor Covid-19?menyebutkan jika kebijakan?PCR?memberikan keuntungan pada kelompok bisnis tertentu.?Namun di sisi lain, menurut?Lapor Covid-19?penurunan harga jasa pelayanan pemeriksaan?PCR?oleh Pemerintah tidak mencerminkan asas?transparansi?dan?akuntabilitas.
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian Government involved the military institution in responding to the emerging outbreak and taking control of the situation, to ensure that COVID-19 cases are handled through organised, systemic managerial mechanism. This therefore involved the creation of COVID-19 task force consisting mostly of military personnel (see figure 1) which historically has an institutionalised form of control and management in carrying out their tasks.
The structure of the Covid-19 Task Force, which detailed in Presidential Decree No. 7/2020 and its amendments in Presidential Decree No. 9/2020, is heavily militarised, evident in the number of military personnels structuring the organisation, which although having tracked records in handling natural disasters, however, little is known about the management in the emerging diseases and illness, such as COVID-19. LaporCOVID-19 argues that more involvement from the healthcare personnel is required to instigate a more public health-centric approach in the management of emerging outbreak, which should also be reflected in its ad-hoc organisations’ personnel created by the central government.
Medical practitioners in the primary, community and secondary level of care are the first point of contact to handle, manage and administer resources to handle COVID-19 cases. Due to the overwhelming cases and demands for care, the central government was propelled to respond to COVID-19 outbreak with military-dominated COVID-19 task force that holds more authority, discretion in conducting health-related tasks, than health practitioners. The tasks include doing the following:
• Close contact tracing officers from the Indonesia Military Bodies (TNI), especially Babinsa, are less effective, considering the fact that they need more trainings from the staff at the Primary Healthcare Centres
• Mobile RT-PCR test and Covid-19 drugs by Indonesia State Intelligence (BIN)
• Enforcement of Health Protocols by TNI/POLRI, accompanied by physical sanctions.
• Organizing Vaccination Centres by TNI/POLRI.
While such military approach is usual and yields results in other countries, however, this conduct of mechanism often results in the conflict of interests and risk of corruption. For instance, in the vaccination delivery services by TNI/POLRI, LaporCOVID-19 found a report on the vaccines being delegated to the non-vulnerable communities and in fact are commercialised.
During the period from July 2020 to April 2021, LaporCovid-19 received 1,096 citizen reports regarding non-compliance with health protocols by the public, despite the deployment of the TNI/POLRI in monitoring, conducing surveillance and punishing those who are not adhering to the health protocols regimes.
The ineffectiveness of such approach can be traced back from the fact that corporeal punishment is not enforcing enough and only serves as an embarrassment for the public to witness, but it does not make people to internalise values and awareness within oneself on the importance of adhering to the health procotols. High-ranking officials complicates the issue by organising activities that gather large crowds but are not given sanctions by the authorities. These discriminatory practices towards non-compliances, such that high-ranking officials are imposed impunity, while others are not, further prompting apathetical attitudes on the public health protocols adherence.
Physical sanctions for those violating health protocols include forcing people to do push-ups or sleep in the coffins and using water cannons to disperse the crowds. Beatings, torture, and excessive mass dispersal are also evident in some cases. In addition, military personnel was allowed to carry out repressive measures:
• Repressively terminating contracts of health workers at Wisma Atlet RSDC (Emergency Isolation Centres) who voiced their rights to incentives being violated, such that they are not getting paid while working in the Wisma Atlet
• The arrests of protesters voicing out their critical concerns on the unaccountable policies issued during pandemic. They were directed to assemble in a crowded space, such as a police car, thus have no place to keep a distance and were often ask to not wear the masks.
Source:?
In mid-August 2021, more than 53 million Indonesians received the first dose of the vaccine, and at least 27 million people received the second dose. However, the implementation of Covid-19 vaccination in Indonesia is marked with unfair access, that the vulnerable and marginalised communities are facing obstacles in getting vaccines.
Determining which vulnerable groups should be prioritised to get vaccination indeed depends on the current limited supply of vaccines, in accordance to the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. Who are then these prioritized, vulnerable groups?
The Indonesian government does not seem to pay attention to these WHO guidelines. The government actually provides Covid-19 vaccinations for groups that are not a priority, such as celebrities, artists, to members of the DPR and their families, before priority groups get it.
2. Asymmetric Information
Extending the discussion beyond the vulnerable communities, wider citizens in fact did not get the a full, complete information regarding COVID-19 vaccination, especially regarding:
Impact:
The application of sanctions for delaying the distribution of or terminating social assistance is inappropriate and violates the 1945 Constitution and Law 36/2009 on Health, where everyone has the right to independently determine the type of health service and treatment according to their needs. Vaccines also cannot be used as other administrative requirements, such as for process administration for issuing a letter of good behavior by policy (SKCK), certification from the Village leaders, Citizen ID card.
Fulfillment of social security and public services is also a citizen’s right and cannot be limited because they do not participate in the Covid-19 vaccination. Instead, the addressing such asymmetrical information should be the government response in order to expand vaccine coverages.
Corporate Vaccination Scheme has three main problems:
In 2020, the government launched six social safety net (Jaring Pengaman Sosial/JPS) programs to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on economically marginalized groups. These include:
However, JPS was unable to fully reach the people affected by the pandemic. As a result, there are still many impacted citizens who have not received social assistance because:
The corruption of social assistance funds by Juliari Batubara is seen as the peak of the problem emerged from the lack of transparency in distributing and procuring social assistance. This corrupt practice can actually also be found in smaller units of governance, including neighbourhood units, community units, village officials, and third parties distributing social assistance to regional heads. They use their authority and take advantage of loopholes in the lack of supervision and transparency of social services to enable such corrupted practices.
The politicization of social assistance funds, especially during the 2020 Regional Head Elections and the practice of corruption, collusion, and nepotism are rampant.
The government decided to continue implement JPS service program in the 2021 Fiscal year. However, in its implementation, citizens were still complaining via citizen report about the same pattern of problem emerging in 2020, such as data disintegration, poor quality of social aid, and uneven distribution. This mal-administrative situation will make it more difficult for citizens to get their right to social protection, especially during restrictions on community activities and the difficulty of finding work or layoffs.
After reports of COVID-19 patients’ data being sold, now allegedly, there are data leaks of the data from eHAC and even the President’s vaccine certificate. How far our data security goes?
Following points are translation for points inside the graph)
This is not the first the government has failed to protect its citizen’s data. In May 2020, the government was troubled with the leakage of Covid-19 patient data that was being sold on the internet. This time data from the eHAC, an application specialized for testing and tracing for Covid-19, is reported to be leaked. Repeated data leaks have signalled that the government has yet to seriously ensure the security of each citizen’s identity and their own digitalized personal data. Although the digitalization process has been done and dusted, there are still incidents that have shown that digital infrastructures are not fully prepared yet.
About 230.000 databases of Covid-19 patients in Indonesia are reportedly known to be traded on internet forums such as Raid Forum in May 2020. Some of those data are personal data and data referred to the patient’s condition.
Instead of providing transparency in social aid management, several local governments offered open access to the personal private information of its citizen who received social aid for those who were affected by Covid-19 instead. Such data varied from full name, citizenship registry number (NIK), address, phone number and so on; these data were supposed to be protected and secured. The accessibility of this personal information is undoubtedly susceptible to ill-intents and abuse.
This is not the first flaw in the government’s electronic system. Ministry of Home Affairs (KEMENDAGRI) acknowledged that four serves belonging to the Office of Population and Registry in Magelang District, Subang District, Kota Bogor, and Bekasi District were hacked. In the aftermath, data belonged to the citizens who lived in those areas to be leaked. This gives a sign that the government’s infrastructure for digital security is feeble and prone to hackers.
A year after Covid-19 patients’ data were leaked, we were shocked by the alleged data leak of 279 million Indonesian citizens. In which the data that were revealed included full name, identity card (KTP), phone numbers, emails, identity registration number (NID), and home address from Social Health Insurance Administration Body (BPJS). Our data were sold in the same forum for worth up to hundreds of millions of rupiah.
Security Research Team from vpnMentor exposed the fragility of the data of those who use the eHAC application. This data leak affected its users and revealed the whole infrastructure surrounding the eHAC application itself, including private notes from hospitals and Indonesian government officials who also used that application. Before this, the citizens were highly encouraged to use the government-owned application, although there were barely any explanations or guarantees for its security.
Unfortunately, these data leakages may keep reoccurring as long as the data management is not carefully managed and the data security aspect is overlooked. The government can not be absent regarding the security of their citizen’s data. Leaking personal data to the public comes with the consequences of triggering criminal activities that may threaten people’s safety and security. This also includes discrimination toward people with diseases considered taboo by the masses.
Merdeka.com -?Dalam waktu singkat, pemerintah beberapa kali mengubah harga dan syarat wajib tes Covid-19 untuk perjalanan saat ini. Dari situ mulai muncul polemik saat penumpang pesawat diwajibkan tes polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sementara moda transportasi lain tidak. Ditambah lagi terkait dengan harga tes PCR yang masih terbilang tinggi.
Seorang pejabat publik tak seharusnya memanfaatkan pandemi Covid-19 untuk kepentingan bisnisnya. Jika benar di negeri ini ada dugaan keterlibatan pejabat pemerintah dalam bisnis tes polymerase chain reaction (PCR), maka itu yang disayangkan?Sekretaris Fraksi Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) DPR Achmad Baidowi.
PIKIRAN RAKYAT?- Ketua Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Pusat?Cholil Nafis?menanggapi isu adanya?bisnis?di balik penerapan aturan tes?PCR?bagi masyarakat.
